Groundbreaking skin treatment

The Dermatology Center of St. Luke’s Medical Center has acquired the country’s first Sciton Profractional Laser, a new groundbreaking technology that provides virtually painless treatment of scars and aging facial skin.A population option for facial skin enhancement, the procedure utilizes ablative lasers. When directed to the skin, the energy heats the water within the surface layers of the skin causing both the water and the tissue to vaporize.

Every time the laser passes the skin, portions of the outermost layers are removed with utmost precision and control. The skin then heals over a period of time, usually three to four weeks, as new layers of collagen are produced. An improved skin literally resurfaces without traces of sun damage or acne scars. Unlike conventional ablative lasers where effective results are associated with prolonged downtime, the profractional technology offers a cost-effective solution for treating wrinkles, scar and epidermal dyspigmentation, resulting in healthier skin in a much shorter time.

Non-ablative laser treatments have shorter healing time but require several treatments in monthly intervals. These generally have more subtle improvements over time.Dr. Lonabel Encarnacion, Head of the Dermatology Center, explained that profractional treatments combine the benefits of the faster recovery of non-ablative technology. She added that the profractional laser targets a specific area, leaving surrounding skin intact. Skin problems are corrected, new collagen is produced – all within a shorter recovery period.“Some swelling and redness are expected from profractional treatments but this generally subsides within a day or two,” she said. “Optimal improvement is usually visible in about two to three months.

This time frame and treatment structure allows for complete healing and replacement of damaged tissue with new collagen, elastin and viable healthy skin cell growth.”The Dermatology Center at St. Luke’s Medical Center provides world-class medical and surgical outpatient dermatologic care. Patients are seen for common conditions such as acne, eczema, dermatitis, psoriasis, rosacea, hair loss, warts, actinic keratoses, and common skin infections, as well as patients with more complex disorders, including vitiligo, genetic diseases that affect the skin, dermatological manifestations of systemic illnesses, and skin cancer. In addition to the general dermatology outpatient service, the Center has several units devoted to specialized care in various subspecialties, including the Laser Unit, which provides Vascular Laser (Pulsed Dye Laser), Hair Removal (Alexandrite Laser), Pigment Laser treatments.

Laser tattoo removal & modification

Since 1993 Melbourne dermatology clinic Laser Dermatology has provided Melbourne's only specialist tattoo removal service. Thousands of people have benefitted from tattoo removal treatment with the Q-Switched YAG laser and are happily rid of their tattoos. Laser Dermatology now offers the newest Medlite C6™ tattoo removal laser as well as the Wavelength Sinon™ Ruby and Cynosure HT10™ Alexandrite tattoo removal lasers to address those colours of tattoo ink which are more difficult to remove. These lasers are also used for removal of cosmetic tattooing (eyebrows, eyeliner, lip liner) and traumatic tattooing following injury.

These pigment specific tattoo removal lasers fade or remove tattoo ink with the energy of light. The laser removes the ink by using a specific colour of light that passes through normal skin and is absorbed by the tattoo ink without damaging surrounding tissue. Rapid absorption of laser light energy causes the tattoo pigment to break into smaller granules so it can be removed by the body's natural filtering systems.

There is no safe method of removing a tattoo in one treatment. All single treatment methods such as infrared coagulation, surgical excision, dermabrasion and acid de-tattooing will damage the skin and leave a scar. The laser light pulses produced by the tattoo removal lasers feel similar to being flicked by a rubber band. Most people do not require anaesthesia, but local anaestheic is available for those who find laser tattoo removal treatment uncomfortable.

The number of laser tattoo removal treatments will depend on the amount, colour and type of tattoo ink, the depth of tattoo ink into the skin and the method of tattoo application. Professional tattoos may require ten or more laser treatments, while self-applied tattoos may fade after four laser tattoo removal treatments. Tattoo removal treatments are conducted at six weekly intervals.

Yes. Dark blue, black and red tattoo inks usually respond very well to the Q-Switched YAG tattoo removal laser. Green, aqua and yellow inks have been the most difficult tattoo colours to remove but may now respond to the Q-Switched Alexandrite laser or Q-Switched Ruby tattoo removal lasers. In many cases, greater than 95% fading of the tattoo may be achieved with laser tattoo removal treatment. However, it is very important to know that over 100 tattoo inks are in use worldwide today. Not knowing which tattoo ink, how deep or how much was used, makes it impossible to predict the extent of laser removal treatment in any given tattoo.

The vast majority of patients treated by laser tattoo removal have not developed any scarring. It is, however, impossible to guarantee that no scarring will occur given the enormous differences between individuals. Some people may experience minor textural change on areas treated by tattoo removal lasers. If you have any evidence that your healing capacity makes you especially prone to bad scarring, please bring this to our attention so a test laser treatment can be carried out on your tattoo.

There may be some pinpoint bleeding with scab or blister formation. An antibiotic dressing must be applied daily until the area is healed. You may bathe normally but we do suggest you minimise vigorous activity for a few days to optimise healing after your laser tattoo removal treatment.

Once you have decided on laser tattoo removal treatment, remember the most important things about our clinic - the expertise of the laser operators and our "state of the art" laser tattoo removal equipment. All our laser therapists are registered nurses who are trained by our resident dermatologist. You may be aware that many "laser" and "IPL" centres are offering tattoo removal, amongst other treatments. Unfortunately, no matter how good the equipment, it will only be as good as its operator. Scarring and changes to skin pigment can result from improperly applied light treatments for tattoo removal treatments.

Treatments help acne scars

THE unhappy legacy of an acne outbreak can last a lifetime, with scarring undermining individuals' confidence and self-esteem. But new techniques emerging on the market are now giving a significantly better outcome for those with acne scarring. Not only does the new generation of techniques - such as fractional C02 lasering - produce better results for the patient, achieving these improved results means less discomfort and downtime as well.

Although it is important to point out that a perfect result is not possible, and that the depth and extent of the scarring will affect the quality of the final result, modern techniques have come a long way in terms of creating a satisfactory outcome for patients - one that enables them to face the world with renewed self-confidence. Despite the success of new procedures, prevention remains better than cure.

There's a tendency to see teenage acne as "normal", something the young person will grow out of. But acne is a disease that needs medical attention, and the sooner it's treated, the less chance there is of scarring. And those people who suffer from acne later in life should also seek prompt medical help. Even though 98% of us will experience acne to some degree, at some juncture in our lives, we don't have to put up with it.

Many factors can trigger an acne outbreak - stress, sleeplessness, pollution, a reaction to certain cosmetics - and this can cause embarrassment, especially in men who are the most reluctant to see a doctor. New treatments that are having a positive impact when applied to acne scars include: Dermaroller scar treatment therapy. This is suitable for all skin types and skin tones and works by producing thousands of microscopic needle columns in the dermis of the skin..

These stimulate the skin to regenerate and repair itself naturally and safely. This procedure is patient- friendly as it avoids ablation, heat, and pigmented skin safety concerns; Fractional CO2 laser treatments, such as Smartxide that creates "dot resurfacing". During treatment the laser creates thousands of microscopic pinpoint burns on the scars.

As only a percentage of the surface area is touched during each treatment, this technology combines the best of traditional ablative laser options but without the associated discomfort and downtime; Vavelta is a unique treatment involving the injection of human fibroblast cells - cells that synthesise collagen and maintain the structural integrity of connective tissue - into the area of the skin being treated.

Injections are performed with a fine needle. The nature of the cells injected means that there is no danger of the individual suffering immune rejection problems. The fibroblast lays down new collagen that will improve the appearance of the skin. All these treatments are an immense improvement on earlier options, but it is important to understand that they are medical procedures and should only be carried out by someone with the appropriate qualifications.

About 15% of our body weight is skin, and it is our largest organ; Skin is made up of two layers - the epidermis and the dermis. The epidermis is the top layer of the skin - the layer we see, while the lower layer or dermis is flexible and elastic and is made up of collagen and elastin; Acne is a disease of the sebaceous glands. These glands lie just beneath the surface of the skin.

They produce an oil called sebum, which keeps the skin moist; Acne develops when bacteria invade blocked pores and cause them to become inflamed. Those that develop deeper in the skin may form cysts or nodules; Scarring occurs when scar tissue replaces damaged cells due to inflammation. Acne occurs most commonly on the face, chest, shoulders, and back because those are the places that sebaceous cells occur; ontrary to popular belief acne outbreaks are not connected to a poor diet. While a healthy, balanced diet is good for overall health, snacking on sweet or oily food will not precipitate an acne attack; Another myth is that acne is caused by poor hygiene or dirty skin; Makeup can block pores. Choose makeup which is oil-free and look for the term "non-comedogenic" on the label. This means that the makeup is less likely to clog pores..

Repairing scalp reductions

The potential problems caused by scalp reductions were recognized early in the history of their use, but it took several decades for these problems to be fully appreciated by the majority of hair restoration surgeons. Fortunately, scalp reductions have been performed with much less frequency in recent years. Scalp reductions have the undesirable effect of simultaneously causing cosmetic problems and depleting the donor supply needed to correct them.

Simply stated, they are a hair loss solution that alters the balance between supply and demand. They increase the demand for hair by producing scars in the top and crown that must be camouflaged, alter natural balding patterns and change hair direction, all without significantly adding coverage to the front of the scalp. They diminish supply by decreasing donor density and scalp laxity, thereby reducing the amount of hair available for the correction.

These problems can be partially addressed by the "hair conserving" technique of microscopic dissection, but after multiple scalp reductions, with even the best techniques, full correction is often not possible. Specific patterns of repair, such as the "hockey stick," used for treating patients who have low donor supply, are particularly useful in patients with low donor supply because of scalp reductions or scalp lifts.

Erase wrinkles

A form of laser surgery first used for cosmetic procedures nearly 20 years ago could help wipe out wrinkles, experts have found. Carbon dioxide laser resurfacing fell out of favour because of side effects such as skin colour changes, scarring and acne. But new research suggests most of these clear up within two years, leaving patients with up to 50 per cent fewer lines and wrinkles.

The treatment works by removing layers of damaged skin, similar to the way a piece of sandpaper is used to smooth a piece of wood. It also 'fills in' wrinkles by stimulating the face to produce more collagen, according to a report in the journal Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery. It said American researchers who studied treatments on 47 people had concluded that the side effects almost always cleared up.

Treat scar non-surgical way

Dressing the wound: The wounds must be given proper medical dressing to prevent infections. The wounds which are left open are at a higher risk of getting infected, and due to the delay in the healing process deep scars on the affected areas may occur. Pressure dressing: Pressure dressing causes a reduction in wound metabolism. It exerts pressure on the area covered and prevents accumulation of fluids in the underlying tissues. The use of pressure dressings on the affected areas has been effective in preventing scar formation.

Creams and ointments in treating scars: There are various creams and ointments available to reduce scarring. These creams are applied on the wound and they help to reduce formation of scars on the affected areas. Consult a dermatologist to get the best suitable ointments according to the type of wound for treating scars. Calcium channel blockers: Calcium antagonists are used to decrease collagen synthesis. They are capable to induce changes in the fibroblast gene expression. They block the cellular communication pathways which are essential to regulate the behavior of the fibroblast. This method is useful in treatment of established scars.

Acne scar treatment: Most of the teens are affected by acne and recover without any permanent marks. But in some people acne leaves scars on their skin. The areas affected with acne must not be exposed to the skin, as it may delay the healing process. The use of topical skin care products can be helpful to reduce scars at early stage. A good moisturizer can be applied over the skin to protect it from the sun rays. The use of chemical peels improves the skin tone, but it is less effective on scars.

Laser treatment: This type of treatment is useful to flatten the scars which are raised above the level of the skin. The pink color of the scar can also be changed using laser treatment. cars are formed due to various reasons and can be found almost on everyone’s body. Most people think that surgery is the only way to remove scars, and so they choose to live with scars, instead of surgery. The non-surgical methods described above are also effective to reduce the impact of scars.

Acne scar treatment options

Acne scarring is an acute problem especially for those who have experienced ugly flare ups of acne in the past. Nearly 80% of all people are affected by acne when they are in their teens and twenties. Though many are left unscathed by acne attacks, some may have life-long scars which can be a constant source of embarrassment. There are many treatment options for treating acne scars ranging from topical skin creams to surgical intervention. Of course the importance of preventive measures can not be undermined especially if you want to avoid a life-long problem.

Preventions is the best way to avoid any future problem with acne. To prevent acne breakouts, it is important to know what causes acne in the first place. One of the easiest ways to prevent acne is to wash your face daily with a mild antibacterial soap and avoid using heavy lotions and creams in areas which are prone to acne.

To hit the right treatment option for acne scars you must know the different classifications of acne scars. You will then know which treatment will suit which type of scars. For instance the ice pick acne scars are sharp and narrow where the skin appears to have been sliced or punctured. Acne scar resurfacing options can not work with such deep scars. Boxcar acne scars on the other hand are round or oval in shape and if they have not penetrated too deeply they can respond to some treatments. Conventional acne scar treatments can not work on rolling scars which are spots just beneath the surface of the skin. These need breaking up the fibrous tissue under the skin.

While there are plenty of acne scar treatment methods , more often, these methods are combined to get the desired results. Dermal fillers is a treatment option where some substances are injected into the scar areas to give the skin a smoother and even look. Fat, bovine and human collagens are some of the substances used in dermal fillers which can not offer a permanent solution and have to be repeated to maintain the results obtained. Deeper acne scars like ice pick and boxcar scars, are usually treated with punch excision. This is a method where the entire scar area is removed and the skin round it is sutured. This method also leaves a scar, which is less noticeable.

Punch excision is used for skin grafting as well. Here in place of suturing the skin together a skin graft is used. Skin from behind the ear is usually the chosen skin. If the color and texture of skin grafting is noticeable after the procedure is complete, it can be rectified using skin resurfacing. Punch elevation is the procedure used for deep boxcar acne scars. Here the scar is removed using a particular tool and then elevating the skin to the level of the normal skin layer and then suturing the skin together. Here there is less risk of color and texture mismatching. It also reduces the visible scars left from punch incision. The method used for breaking the fibrous bands caused under the skin by rolling scars is subcutaneous incision. One of the most popular choices for any skin conditioning or repairing is laser resurfacing. It works by burning the top layer of the skin which is replaced soon by new and healthy skin as it heals with time.

Though there are plenty of ways for treating acne scars prevention is the best way to avoid this problem of scar removal. In case you feel that you need treatment for your acne scars, you must first consult your physician, who will refer you to a dermatologist who will help you with your acne scar treatment. While you are going to choose the best method for your acne scar treatment you must also pay equal attention to its efficacy and the cost involved. Sometimes you might have to choose a combination of therapies like combining punch elevation with laser resurfacing.

These complementary methods could result in minimal scarring caused by surgical intervention. It is important to get professional advice from doctors who are adequately qualified with the right credential. Also important to note is that there are plenty of over the counter products which promise complete acne scar removal. Though these may reduce the ugliness of the scars temporarily, your doctor is the best judge to offer remedial actions when it comes to a permanent solution.

Prevent and heal acne scars

Acne scars are easily recognized by the red skin of an area formerly occupied by a pimple. The initial form, while not actually a scar, will lead to one in some cases. Unfortunately, the only way to know for sure that it is a scar is if the red skin persists for longer than 6-12 months. It is often better, therefor, to treat all acne lesions as potential scars.

Acne scars are caused by an overabundance of the connective tissues your body uses to heal itself. These tissues work to provide a temporary framework for your skin cells to regrow on. But if there is too much of this connective tissue, it is not broken down when the healing is complete, but rather stays permanently. This causes a discolored or unpigmented section of skin to form.

Since the root cause of acne scarring is acne, preventing acne in the first place is the best way to avoid scars. But even if you already have acne, it is still possible to prevent acne scars from forming. The way this is done is by speeding the healing process as much as possible. The faster your acne lesion heals, the less time the connective tissue framework has to overgrow and leave scars.

There are 2 main treatments dermatologists use to facilitate the rapid healing of acne lesions. The first is Tretinoin, an acid derivative of Vitamin A, also known as all-trans retinoic acid. This chemical speeds the skin's healing, reducing inflammation and preventing acne scars from forming. The second method involves the use of various Alpha- and Beta-Hydroxy acids, which perform much the same function as Tretoinin, speeding healing and reducing the chance of scarring.

Even if you don't or can't see a dermatologist, there are several different things you can do yourself that can help prevent acne scars from forming. The biggest thing is to treat your skin well. Avoid over-exposure to the sun, as sunburns can dramatically slow the healing process. Always wear sunscreen when going out in the sun. Don't pop your pimples, and if there are scabs from lesions, do not pick at them. Picking at any wound as it heals causes more damage, extending healing times and increasing the likelihood of scar tissue forming.

Removing Existing Acne Scars
Even with the best of care, scarring still sometimes occurs. But even if a scar does form, there are several options available that can reduce or eliminate your visible scarring.

Dermal Fillers
Fillers such as collagen can be injected into the site of an acne scar, raising the skin surface to reduce the appearance of pockmarks. These are not permanent treatments, however, and will require re-injection every 3-6 months.

Laser Resurfacing
An extremely popular and fast treatment for acne scars, laser resurfacing works by burning a precisely measured upper layer of skin. New skin then grows over the wound, leaving mostly unscarred skin visible. But as with the initial acne healing process, care must be taken to insure that this new skin does not scar as well.

Punch Excision
This procedure is only effective on certain types of scars. A surgical punch is made to precisely the dimensions of the scar to be removed. The scar is then punched out, similar to a cookie cutter, and the wound sewn together. If there is any scarring left after the wound heals, it can be more easily treated with laser resurfacing than the original larger scar.

Skin acne treatment with herbal products

Acne is a condition that plagues both old and young alike. There was a previously held belief that acne is only for teens but this myth has been dispelled by acne itself because it affects even people in their forties and beyond. A fool proof product to treat acne will be of interest to many including me because I am also affected and infected by acne. Acne treatment products are those creams, gels, pills and other preparations used for the treatment of acne and all pimple variants. Acne treatment products are employed in the cure of spots, pimples, zits and other variants like blackheads, whiteheads and rosacea.

These zits cure products could be home-based preparations [natural acne treatments], plants, roots and herbs [herbal acne treatment] or pharmaceutically prepared products used to treat pimples. Most of the common medications that cure zits in the market today are either herbal based or made from synthetic materials and hydrocarbons. These medications can either be single therapy treatment products or combination therapy pimples medication. Single therapy medications are those products that offer just one type of cure like pills or creams or injections.

On the other hand, combination therapy acne treatment products are those zits medications that offer multi-pronged approach to pimples cure. The composition of such combination products include pills, injections, creams, facial masks, gels, etc. as one single treatment. Several examples of combination therapy acne treatment products abound. Combination therapy medications that are used to treat skin spots are good. Single therapy pimples medications are equally good. Choose what works for you. The bottom line is that whichever acne treatment product you choose cures your acne without causing you unpleasant side effects and leaving acne scars behind.

Another point to consider when deciding on products that cure acne could be whether the product is herbal-based or made from artificial materials and hydrocarbons. While no type is bad, most [if not all] herbal-based medications that are used to treat pimples do not give you unpleasant side effects because they are organic in nature. However, you must read the labels to know the herbal combinations of these formula to avoid ingesting or topically applying herbs you are allergic to. Artificial-based or synthetic products that cure acne also do the job.

However, where clinical trials were not fully carried out prior to release of the product or where such trials were inconclusive, you may be faced with unpleasant side effects that may be worse than zits. In other cases, such herbal products that cure spots may be labeled supplements to avoid scrutiny by the Food and Drug Administration. In all cases, pregnant women must consult with their doctor before using any drugs and supplements including pimples medications unless such drugs and supplements are clearly labeled suitable for pregnant women and nursing mothers. You will not lose anything but anxiety if you still take such correctly labeled products to your doctor.

The answer for scars and wrinkles

Some degree of scarring appears when wounds heal, and this is a natural part of healing process. There are two types of scars, hypertrophic and keloid scars. Keloid scars are a more serious form of scarring, as they grow indefinitely into large tumors. Scar treatments can be done either by cosmetic surgery or by non-surgical options, such as scar gels, crème, and adhesive silicone sheeting. Intensive researches, for non-surgical scar treatment and scar reduction using scar gels and crèmes, are being carried out by medical industries.

Wrinkles are worse than scars because wrinkles appear all over the skin affecting the person both physically and psychologically. Factors like habitual facial expressions, aging, loss of facial fat, sun damage, smoking, poor hydration, and even gravity contributes in the formation of wrinkles. Although there are several kinds of treatments, such as chemical peels, dermabrasion, laser resurfacing, non-ablative laser resurfacing, and plastic surgical procedures, anti-aging serum and crèmes are the safest and cheapest means to get rid of wrinkles.

Based on latest technology, Scarheal Inc has produced superior scar gels for non-surgical scar reduction treatments and anti-aging serum and cremes for skin rejuvenation and wrinkle treatment. Scar Esthetique creme, Scar Fx (self-adhesive silicone sheeting), and Rejuvaskin (anti-aging serum) are wonder working products produced by Scarheal Inc. Scar Esthetique is the only product in the market that has a combination of anti-oxidants, cortisone, vitamin E, and onion extract. Scar treatment is effective on your most severe scars, which include Hypertrophic and Keloid scars. It is a low-cost, non-surgical scar treatment that neutralizes the scar's color and works to flatten raised scars. The regular use of Rejuvaskin anti-aging serum rejuvenates your skin and prevents early aging by removing wrinkles on your skin.

Surgical scars to improve

Fractional photothermolysis is a promising treatment for surgical scars, including those that have failed to fully respond to other treatments, a small study suggests. In 13 patients with various types and ages of surgical scars, fractional resurfacing using Reliant Technologies Inc.'s 1,550-nm, erbiumdoped fiber laser (Fraxel) resulted in greater than 75% improvement in nine patients and at least 51%-75% improvement in an additional two patients.

The remaining two patients achieved between 25% and 50% improvement. The patients were treated for scars resulting from Mohs surgery, excision, trauma, or plastic surgery, and most underwent a total of three treatments (range, two to eight). Treatments were administered at energy levels of 670 mJ, with final densities of 312-2,500 microthermal zones per square centimeter. Outcomes were based on physician assessment of photographs that were taken at baseline and at 2 weeks following final treatment.

All the characteristics that we looked at improved, including atrophy, hypertrophy, hyperpigmentation, and erythema. Traditional scar treatment involves use of the pulsed dye laser, but it appears that fractional resurfacing may provide better depth of penetration. Admittedly, many of the scars were new, and were possibly still undergoing remodeling, but even older scars showed similar improvement. Scars that had failed to respond fully to prior therapies also responded to the Fraxel laser. It appears that this laser can be used as monotherapy for treating scars, or as an adjunct to other treatments.

Treating acne scars

Most successful acne scar treatment involves seeing a physician as the first step. The procedures to remove acne scars are usually surgical or at least require the assistance of a physician. There are several options available. Some of the more common are discussed below.

1. Punch Excision
This acne scar treatment basically uses a precise made-to-fit tool that exactly matches the shape of the scar to "punch out" the scar tissue. The wound is then sewn together and allowed to heal normally. This method can completely eliminate the scar if the new wound heals cleanly; even if it doesn't, the much smaller scar lends itself to easier laser resurfacing.
2. Laser Resurfacing
This procedure is both fast and popular. Usually an outpatient procedure, laser resurfacing involves actually burning away a very precisely calculated amount of skin at the site of the scar. The new skin that grows in will be smoother and reduces or eliminates the appearance of scars.
3. Dermal Fillers
This treatment is not a surgery, but involves the injection of a dermal filler like collagen directly into the site of a scar. This is best used on deep pit-type scars, as it works my raising the skin surface, filling out the pockmark.

Get rid acne scar fast

Here are numerous acne scar treatment systems that are not really working. Nevertheless, the kind of system you will use depends on the type of acne scar with which you are afflicted. In most cases, selecting the best system for your skin becomes uneasy because you may have a combination of different types of acne scar in your body. So it is better you take time to study yourself to find the one that will be good for your acne scar. Hence, this article comes in very handy as it will guide you on how to get rid of acne scar very fast.

First, let me list the types of acne scar below:
1. Boxcar Scars: they resemble the scarring caused by chicken pox. They are oval shaped depressions with sharp edges. These are most commonly found on the cheeks and temples.
2. Ice Pick Scars: the name of these scars is got from the shape of what you would see if you attacked a piece of wood with an ice pick: shallow or deep pitting with steep sides and jagged edges. They are most commonly found on the cheeks.
3. Hypertrophic Scars: these are small, red ‘bumps’ that appear in the damaged area. It is not only acne that causes this kind of scar; any kind of wound can cause it also. But the truth is that they normally fade overtime. Though Hypertrophic scars are similar to Keloid scars, keloid scar continues to grow indefinitely. A keloid scar is non-contagious, and usually accompanied by severe itchiness, sharp pains, and changes in texture. In severe cases, it can affect movement of skin. The fact that Keloid scars never stop growing makes them a real cosmetic nuisance even though they are benign. These can appear anywhere on your body.
4. Rolling Scars: these are caused by tissue damage beneath the skin. They resemble a rolling hillside and are most commonly found on the cheeks and forehead.


Now that you have known the kinds of acne scar, let us deal with there treatments. There is no definite way for acne scar treatment, however applying Olive oil on the face in recommended. I have discovered that this works on many people. It will work best for scars that are not too deep. Also birth control is suggested to take care of future outbreaks and scarring since most of acne and its scars are hereditary. Also do not expose yourself too much to sunlight.

Acne scar treatment tips

Acne scar treatment tips

1. Using tretinoin speeds up the skin's remodeling process and helps heal post-inflammatory changes.
2. Surgical removal (or excision) of acne scars is especially effective for ice pick and boxcar scars.

3. Accutanea may be prescribed for severe cases.
4. Acne staining can be treated with exfoliating creams and facials.
5. Skin grafting may be necessary under certain conditions.
6. Lasers of various wavelength and intensity may be used to recontour scar tissue and reduce the redness of skin around healed acne lesions.
7. Hippocrates serum for treatment of acne scarring is a high potency resurfacing serum to retexturize your skin.
8.Cellex-C is yet another acne scar removal cream that is recommended by many.
9.Elicina cream is a natural day and night protein cream for all ages and skin colours.
10. Mederma is a type of acne scar removal cream. It is actually a gel based medication and has been very helpful in many situations.

Acne scar removal and treatment

Acne scars associated with loss of tissue similar to scars that result from chicken pox  are more common than keloids and hypertrophic scars. Using tretinoin speeds up the skin's remodeling process and helps heal post-inflammatory changes. Acne scars is two types of tissue response to the inflammation of acne increased tissue formation and loss of tissue. Nearly 80 percent of people aged 11 to 30 years have acne, most often on the face, chest and back. Scars caused by increased tissue formation are called keloids or hypertrophic scars. The typical keloid or hypertrophic scar is 1 to 2 millimeters in diameter, but some may be 1 centimeter or larger. Hypertrophic and keloid scars persist for years, but may diminish in size over time. Accutaneä may be prescribed for severe cases. Depressed fibrotic scars are usually large scars that have sharp margins and steep sides.

They are similar in appearance to deep chicken pox scars. Superficial and deep soft scars are variable in size, and have sloping edges that merge with normal skin. Most serious scarring is caused by the more severe forms of acne, with nodules more likely to leave permanent scars than other types of acne. Acne staining can be treated with exfoliating creams and facials. Acne scar removal cream is designed to help diminish and in some cases removing the scarring altogether that has occurred on a person's skin after they have suffered with acne. These creams are supposed to help flatten as well as soften and smooth a person's skin with various different ingredients. Use this acne scar removal cream with a topical Vitamin A product. Use these creams at separate times during the day. There are several topical creams in the market, claiming to be the best and most suitable. Hippocrates has developed an skin care tailored for scarring using high-potency serums.

Hippocrates treatment works on the surface of the skin, epidermis, as well as deep within the dermis layer. Hippocrates serum for treatment of acne scarring is a high potency resurfacing serum to retexturize your skin. Cellex-C is yet another acne scar removal cream that is recommended by many. Elicina cream is a natural day and night protein cream for all ages and skin colours. The product regenerates photo aged skin, reduces wrinkles, age spots, serious skin discolouration and erodes away actinic keratosis. One of the best known of the acne scar removal creams available today is Mederma. Mederma is a type of acne scar removal cream product. It is actually a gel based medication and has been very helpful in many situations. If the acne scars are brown in color you can use bleach with hydroquinone along with the acne scar removal cream.

Acne therapy evolves and improves

Acne treatment continues to evolve, which is good news for the tens of millions of teenagers and adults who experience mild-to-severe versions of this medical disease. More choices and newer formulations of existing compounds give everyone an opportunity to successfully treat this skin disease which has the ability to scar physically and emotionally. According to many adults who experienced moderate-to-severe acne as teens, the fear of it reemerging is always present; any new pimple a reason for concern.

Although there haven't been many new chemical compounds developed for acne treatment that have been approved for use recently, improvements in formulations have enhanced efficacy and improved skin tolerability. There is a new microsphere cream formulation with benzoyl peroxide, which is available in a tube, or as a novel single-dose applicator, that has demonstrated efficacy and an excellent tolerability profile. There is also a solubilized and micronized 5% formulation of benzoyl peroxide that's available as part of a three-step acne treatment system or as a gel that has been shown to be effective in reducing inflammatory acne lesions and more effective in reducing non-inflammatory acne lesions. Some patients do experience some stinging in the first week of use that is usually mild and dissipates with continued use.

Another new gel formulation consists of 2.5% benzoyl peroxide and 1% clindamycin formulated in a novel vehicle. Efficacy with once daily application appears to be comparable to that achieved with twice daily use of the jar/pump gel formulation of benzoyl peroxide 5%--clindamycin 1%, although head-to-head studies have not been performed. The tolerability profile with the benzoyl peroxide 2.5%--clindamycin 1% gel appears to be highly favorable.

More news includes the use of an ingredient called dapsone, which, although not new, is now available as a topical 5% gel. Topical dapsone 5% gel is available in a formulation designed to solubilize the active ingredient and optimize its ability to penetrate the skin without significant absorption in the body, if used continuously over time. As a result, blood testing is not mandatory, according to the FDA-approved product labeling, as no systemic safety signals have emerged with use in over 1,500 patients treated with topical dapsone.

Several studies have demonstrated that in patients with acne vulgaris of all severities, that concomitant use, from the outset, of the tube gel formulation of benzoyl peroxide 5%--clindamycin 1% gel in the morning, and a quality topical retinoid at night, produces the quickest and greatest reduction in both inflammatory and non-inflammatory acne lesions compared to the topical retinoid alone, or as compared to staggering the therapies. Such studies have been completed with several topical retinoids including tazarotene 0.1% cream, adapalene 0.1% gel, and tretinoin microsphere 0.04% gel.

New ideas scar management

Treatments for scars and stretch marks are a burgeoning skin care segment. One of the latest examples comes from Merz Pharmaceuticals, which has recently launched Mederma Cream Plus SPF 30, a unique formula that not only lessens the appearance of scars but also protects scar tissue from the sun's ultraviolet (UV) rays, which can cause discoloration. The new formula leverages increased consumer awareness of the potential harmful effects of the sun's ultraviolet rays.

The new scar treatment is targeted to women between the ages of 25 and 49, who may purchase it for their own use or for that of their families. The new product will expand sales in the category with consumers who are conscious of scars and aware of the harmful effects of UVA and UVB rays. The latest addition to the Mederma line began appearing on store shelves in March and is available in 20-gram and 50-gram sizes. It is being supported by print and television advertising. The company is also working closely with individual retailers with customized in-store promotions.

Bio-Oil, is a multipurpose skin care product that helps improve the appearance of scars, stretch marks and uneven skin tone. The company maintains that Bio-Oil's breakthrough ingredient, PurCellin Oil, also makes it an effective treatment for numerous other skin concerns, including aging skin and dehydrated skin. According to Pacific World marketing director Tricia Buenavenida, PurCellin Oil effectively delivers vitamins A and E as well as calendula, lavender, rosemary and chamomile oils into the skin in a non-greasy, easily absorbed, lightweight formula.

Drug could prevent scars

A new healing drug has the potential to prevent unsightly surgery scars, research has shown. The drug, a synthetic cell-signalling agent, is injected under the skin at the site of the wound before and after an incision. Three trials of the treatment were conducted, and panels of volunteers and experts judged that it significantly improved the appearance of scars.

Varying doses of the drug avotermin, an artificial form of transforming growth factor beta3, were injected at the wound site both before and 24 hours after injury. These studies suggest avotermin has potential to provide an accelerated and permanent improvement in scarring. TGFbeta3 has been one of the 'holy grails' of anti-scarring therapy for some time.

Acne in pregnancy

Acne and pregnancy interact in a variable way. In the majority, pregnancy has a beneficial effect on the activity of acne, and this is through the sebosuppressive effect of estrogens. In a small number of cases, there is a flare-up of acne requiring active intervention, especially if scarring is a threat. Acne may also appear for the first time during pregnancy. There are reports of women experiencing acne only during pregnancies. If an acne patient during active treatment conceives then careful assessment of teratogenicity issues needs to be carried out and the safety to carry the pregnancy to term needs to be determined. There are times when a medical termination of pregnancy may be a safer option.

It is difficult and challenging to treat acne in a pregnant woman as most drugs are contraindicated or considered unsafe. For comedonal acne, BPO is safe and may be sufficient. Azelaic acid, although not contraindicated, is not recommended. Topical retinoids are controversial in pregnancy because of concerns of systemic absorption. However, in clinical studies of topical adapalene and tazarotene, plasma concentrations were found to be below 3 nM, which is similar to or lower than endogenous tretinoin, suggesting that the teratogenic potential of topical retinoids is negligible.

Inflammatory acne may be treated with BPO or topical antibiotics, or a combination of the two. Macrolides are generally regarded as safe in pregnancy. Oral erythromycin is permitted for scar-threatening acne, and may be given for 3-9 months as needed. Presumably, it is just as safe to administer newer macrolides, roxithromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin, in usual acne dosages. Any such intervention must be well justified, and the perceived benefits must outweigh the uncertainties. Tetracyclines (including doxycycline, minocycline, lymecycline) being unsafe in the second and third trimester of pregnancy (vide supra) are best avoided at all stages of pregnancy, whereas oral retinoids being highly teratogenic are absolutely contraindicated.

Laser treatment for cne

Whether you are a adolescent with moderate or extreme acne, or an adult who thought all your acne woes were left behind with your teens, you have probably kept worrying about your skin condition. You may have tried out several topical and oral medications and are now concerned that you will never be able to have flawless skin again. Ideally acne is caused when pores prevent oil or sebum from escaping. This usually causes hair follicles to swell as the bacteria in them are clogged. This leads to you having pimples.

Usually acne leads to scars and red patches all over your face and you will always feel the need to cover it up with make-up. Most of the time various chemical treatments only cause your skin condition to get worse as skin irritation results in even more inflammation. In laser treatment for acne, a laser pen kills the bacteria that causes the acne in your skin and helps to repair scars.

If you are thinking of laser treatment for acne you should first seeyour dermatologist who would decide on whether it is the best form of treatment given your skin condition. Usually your dermatologist would prescribetopical or oral medication to see if your acne would go away, especially if your condition is mild. If your condition is more serious, you would be advised about the best form of treatment for you. A major fear among many who intend to follow laser treatment for acne is regarding the level of pain. The pain generally does not last more than a few days. Your dermatologist will be able to give you more information about the operation and how things would work out and may prescribe medication to help you get through the pain.

Regarding laser procedures for acne, you should know that it does not come at a low cost. Remember to find out more about different options available to you with regard to price, before you decide. You should also remember that some health insurance plans do not cover laser treatment for acne, but rest assured that this procedure is guaranteed to give you visible results. Side effects of laser treatment for acne could include tenderness of the skin and irritation for a few days. Apart from this, it is known to be a healthy process. Laser treatment for acne may not give you excellent results the first time you undergo it. Some people may have to go through several sittings before they see actual results. It may vary according to the persons acne condition.

Diffificult acne

Difficult acne may be defined as Acne that fails to respond to elected treatment approach, or acne that presents with constraints and/or challenging clinical features. Failure to respond, that is, under-responsiveness, may arise from a variety of reasons. Failure to address the pathogenesis; inappropriate selection of treatment modalities; lack of patient compliance (adherence); improper methodology; drug interactions; antibiotic resistance; overlooked concomitant pityrosporum folliculitis; and high glycemic load diet. There are clinical features which by their presence add to the difficulty in treating acne. Some of these features include: macrocomedones, cysts, sinus tracts, keloids, scarring, and hyperandrogenism.

The following clinical subtypes of acne are more difficult to treat: acne in preteens, adult acne, scarring acne, nodulocystic acne, acne corporis, acne conglobata, acne fulminans, pyoderma faciale, and SAPHO syndrome. Acne with constraints includes: acne patient attempting to conceive; acne in pregnancy; difficult personality - patient averse to taking oral medications; patient averse to topical medication; allergy/intolerance to medications; patients with cynical attitude and phobias; cost considerations/inability to afford prescribed medications; and acne treatment against a deadline! It is also difficult to manage acne in the setting of an underlying chronic systemic disease such as tuberculosis, cirrhosis, or chronic renal failure.

Successful management of difficult acne requires greater effort by the patient and the treating dermatologist. It requires climbing the therapeutic ladder. It requires mastering the use of oral retinoids and antiandrogens. It pays to employ drug combinations, and to create innovative, customized, treatment programs.

Tattoo removal cream

The use of a tattoo removal cream sounds like the cheap alternative to laser therapy or surgical excision. The market has recently been flooded by a huge number of topical products that claim to remove tattoos, but their efficiency is truly limited. First of all, you need to think of skin structure; if the pigment would be injected in the superficial skin layers, it would wear off in time, peeling together with the dead skin cells. Yet, this is not the case, and most tattoos are made at the level of the deep dermal layers where they become permanent.

Forced chemical exfoliation is the process based on which a tattoo removal cream acts, because it has to go deep in the skin to break the color pigment. Side effects and discomforts are often associated with the use of a tattoo removal cream, since topical removal products rely on acid as a main ingredient. Tingling and itching usually affect the area where you apply the tattoo removal cream, but symptoms alleviation is possible by the application of a soothing balm.

The ointment can be more easily spread on the skin if you use a massager, but not all kits contain such an accessory. As compared to finger-rubbing the cream, the application with a massager is considered superior. Results usually become visible within six weeks from the beginning of the treatment, but for advanced removal you need to apply the tattoo removal cream for at least six months.

Nevertheless, most reviews indicate poor results for the usage of different products in the tattoo removal cream category. By efficiency, most products in fact mean that the tattoo slightly wears off. Then, it is also important to carefully choose the product to apply on the skin, because it should carry an FDA certification as proof of its safety. Deep tissue damage, allergies, rashes and even scars could follow the irrational use of some topical tattoo removal cream.

Some tattoo removal creams are advertised as natural, meaning that they also contain some organic herbal extracts. Orange peel, aloe vera and rosemary leaf are common examples of natural ingredients used by some manufacturers. Such a tattoo removal cream will have very few side effects and a lower toxicity.

Great skin care

Beauty and skin care are the two most important things to a woman. Making your skin beautiful takes a lot of work. Eating a balanced diet, especially foods rich with beta carotene, and taking some skin care treatments are crucial. Good skin care is essential to maintain the youthful glow of your face and skin. Skin care can also help in keeping the adequate moisture needed for your skin, not only helping retain the appearance of youth, but to ensure the health of it. A skin care regimen doesn't really take hours, but nevertheless having a routine can have an important role.

Some of us are not born perfect , having a smooth complexion to complement a perfect smile. Some of us may have marks, scars, or blemishes. For older women, imperfections can take the form of wrinkles. However, you can still enhance or do something about it, with the proper care. This means a change of habits or lifestyles for those who live hectic schedules. Another piece of advice is minimizing stress and anxiety, which also have some effects on your skin.

The skin is the largest organ of the human body and it protects the body from infection, injury, and harmful ultra-violet rays, so it isn't a surprise that most women take good care of it. The skin consist of two main layers: ? the inner layer, or the dermis ? the outer layer, or the epidermis. The skin should be exfoliated at regular intervals to remove dead skin cells and give your skin's surface a radiant kind of glow. The dermis, meanwhile, is responsible for giving the skin its elasticity. However, it also needs to be protected from the sun and other harsh elements. When the skin loses its elasticity, which is a sign of the aging process, it becomes sagging and wrinkles started to form.

Cleansing wash your face with any gentle, fragrance-free cleanser. It is preferable to use one labeled with balanced ph levels. If you have oily skin on your face, use a cleanser that contains a small concentration of benzoyl peroxide. The more polluted the surroundings, the more you will need to perform skin cleansing. 2. MOISTURIZING - excessive cleansing sometimes has the tendency to strip the skin of its beneficial oils. Those oils helps retain moisture and serve as a barrier between the polluted environment and yourself. You can remedy this by using a lightweight moisturizer during the day, with the option of using a night cream before sleep. 3. PROTECTION - the last step for good skin care is protecting it from the sun's harmful rays, which can cause lasting damage to your skin, as well as cause problems like skin cancer. Use a sunscreen with a minimum of SPF15 every time you go outside, especially if you're going to a beach and will be doing some sun bathing.

Whenever you have certain injuries such as cuts or allergic skin reactions, there are specialized skin treatments like creams and lotions available. For stretch marks, there is a specialize gel for it, though you also have the option to try herbals and organic skin care products. For extreme cases, you should consult a dermatologist. For some minimal skin scars and other blemishes, some simple make over magic can be done by using a concealer. Just use a small make-up brush to dab concealer or foundation directly onto the blemished area.

Inflammatory hyperpigmentation

If you get redness from acne that turn brown after the active acne goes away, you have Post Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation, which refers to skin darkening caused by trauma to the skin such as constant friction, shaving, insect bites as well as wounds. Scarring easily from acne, insect bites, skin inflammations and wounds, the redness and brown darkened areas leftover are ugly and tough to treat, even with aggressive exfoliation. In most cases, aggressive exfoliation without proper before and after care will worsen the darkening of scars!

This is common for people with colored skin tones, which is referred to us the fitzpatrick skin type III and greater. The risk of post inflammatory hyperpigmentation is greater than those with fairer skins. Skin darkening caused by trauma is usually pretty resistant to skin lightening. This is due to active pigment cells dropping down from the epidermis into the dermis making the discoloration very difficult to get rid of. Sometimes, it's also because of abnormally tough collagen in the scar tissue formation process, combined with the pigment cells it just makes the scar matrix even harder to treat.

People with dark and colored skin tones should always treat their skins gently, use proper sun care, and avoid very aggressive skin treatments. If they choose to go for aggressive skin peels or dermabrasion, it is suggested that they begin using a skin lightening cream (with non irritating ingredients) several weeks before and after the treatment to avoid further hyperpigmentation. Post inflammatory hyperpigmentation or PIH usually responds well to a more synergistic approach than just one treatment. Combination treatment regimens for treating post inflammatory hyperpigmentation are detailed in my skin lightening reports.

Red scars

Most scars will be red during the healing phase and in most cases this will fade spontaneously. Persistent redness in scars may respond to Candela V-beam™ laser treatment, the same laser used to remove blood vessel blemishes and birthmarks.

Some people have a tendency to develop brown pigmentation in areas of damaged skin. It is usually transient but if it persists beyond nine months, treatment with the Q-Switched YAG laser or the Q-switched Ruby laser may help fade the pigmentation. Treatment with a prescription "fading" cream such as Hydroquinone 3% may be helpful.
Raised (hypertrophic) scars and keloid scars. In extreme cases, scar tissue may "over grow" causing thickened, raised scarring. This condition is known as hypertrophic scarring. It will usually settle spontaneously over 12 months. This improvement can be accelerated with treatment. Unfortunately, in some individuals, these changes do not settle and treatment may be required.

In some people this scarring reaction is so severe that even a scratched mosquito bite results in a thick scar. People who are prone to this type of "over healing" are usually aware of the problem and this is one situation where early intervention is appropriate. After taking a history and inspecting other scars, a dermatologist is able to abort the over growth of scar tissue with regular micro-injections of cortisone solution. If the problem is not identified until after scar formation, the tissue may still respond to micro-injection treatment. Silicone sheeting designed to flatten scars may also have a role in the treatment of raised scars.

Keloid scars are a more severe problem and the tendency is often genetic. It is more common in darker skin types. The classic feature of keloid scarring is that it grows and invades beyond the site of the actual injury. It is also often exquisitely sensitive and prone to itching. Keloids scarring commonly occurs in acne scars on the chest and back. Treatment for keloid scarring is similar to that outlined for hypertrophic scarring. It also has the tendency to recur over the years and require repeated courses of treatment. People prone to keloid scarring should consider preventative treatment as early as possible following injury and avoid unnecessary surgery.

Breaktrough natural acne

Pitted acne scarring is caused by a loss of tissue that results from damage to underlying skin tissue. Depressed scars have an "ice-pick" appearance, with sharp jiggered edges, or can be softer scars, looking much like scars left over from chicken-pox. Pigmented scars are red or brown marks left behind after an acne blemish has disappeared. Pigmented scarring is the most common and while it is not permanent, it can take weeks or months for it to clear if left on its own.

Often, the scar has not faded away before a new set of blemishes arrive - causing a perpetual cycle of disfigured skin that can leave many sufferers of acne depressed about the condition of their skin. Some people may have found a treatment that keeps their blemishes under control - only to discover that the red or brown marks remain - preventing their skin from looking completely clear and acne-free. Both for pitted acne scars and pigmented tissues our acne scars treatment with acne scar cream can result in a much improved skin texture and looks.

Just apply a little cream for acne scar removal on the areas affected, with discipline twice a day every day. It may take 2 to 3 months to see improvements depending on how deep and old are the acne marks. Yes, disciplined use for several months will be necessary to get rid of acne scars that have resulted in deep loss of tissue, specially if damage to tissues is very deep or has been going on for too long.

To remove acne scars that have resulted in deep pits, or for those that are old and have made the skin to feel rough and coarse, we recommend to start treating them with our home microdermabrasion cream for acne scars. If they are old and too deep other remedies for acne scars may be necessary and options are: professional dermabrasion, deep chemical peelings, fat injections, cosmetic fillers or laser surgery.

Laser treatments for lines and wrinkles

Laser treatment can reduce fine lines and wrinkles on the face to achieve younger looking skin and an improved complexion. During laser therapy, a hand-held laser can be used to remove the top layer of skin (laser resurfacing) and stimulate the growth of new skin. When the treated area heals, the new skin is generally smoother and fresher than before. Other types of laser treatment target the lower levels of skin without affecting the top layer (the epidermis). For the best results, a course of treatments may be recommended.

Laser wrinkle removal cannot produce the results of surgical facelifts, but it can reduce the appearance of lines and wrinkles. The effect does wear off gradually, so repeat treatments are needed to maintain results. As with any cosmetic procedure, it is important that you review your expectations thoroughly before you decide to proceed. Your specialist will explain the results you can expect and will discuss the associated risks and alternatives to the procedure before going ahead.

Treat unsightly acne scars

As if the unsightly appearance of acne pimples is not enough for all too many people once the pimples disappear they are left with frequently equally unsightly scarring. The first thing to realize is that some conditions which look very much like scars are not in fact scars at all but are macules and other bumps which can occur following acne treatment. The redness which often accompanies macules and other bumps can last for up to a year but this is not permanent and these are not true scars.

True scars are produced by the healing process itself (often resulting from the creation of fibrous tissue) and represent a permanent change to your skin tissue. Permanent scarring often results from the action of your white blood cells as they attack the bacteria which causes acne and this 'battle' can produce permanent changes to the underlying cells of your skin.

Such damage is not however just limited to the cells below the skin surface and you can be left with such things as so-called icepick scars which are small pinholes formed in the surface of the skin. They are called icepick scars because they look as if the skin has been attacked with an icepick and they are often quite deep and thus unresponsive to such things as dermabrasion and laser resurfacing treatment.

Another common form of acne scarring are boxcar scars, which are similar to icepick scars but tend to be flatter on the bottom instead of narrowing to a point as icepick scars do. Boxcar scars are shallower than icepick scars and can be treatment using skin resurfacing techniques. Finally, keloid scars, which tend to extend beyond the site of the original pimple injury, result from an excess production of collagen and are usually seen as a firm shiny pink or red scar.

In all cases the best way to avoid acne scars is to prevent then from developing in the first place but, where this has not proved to be effective, then there are several standard treatments including dermabrasion. Dermabrasion is a form of treatment used to treat a wide range of different skin conditions, including mild (and sometimes moderate} acne scarring. After the application of a local anesthetic, a high speed brush is used to remove layers of skin. In many cases, once the skin heals naturally, acne scar disappear altogether and, where this is not the case, they are usually very much less evident.

A commonly alternative to dermabrasion today is microdermabrasion in which, instead of using a high speed brush, aluminum oxide crystals are moved rapidly across the surface of the skin using a form of vacuum hose. This is a little bit like a form of medical 'sand blasting' and is less invasive than dermabrasion and causes less trauma to the skin. Microdermabrasion can be effective in cases of very mild acne scarring but generally does not produce as good results as are seen with dermabrasion.

Laser Treatments. For some people laser treatment (often using CO2 lasers) is particularly effective and mild scarring can sometimes be removed with just a single treatment. When in the hands of a trained professional a laser can be used to remove scar tissue, or to alter the size of scars and change the contour of the skin to make scars very much less visible. This is however a fairly harsh treatment which effectively works by burning the surface of the skin and so it can produce redness which will persist for several weeks.

Surgery. Surgery, using a technique known as 'punching' is often used to remove some icepick scars. An icepick scar is cut out down to the subcutaneous fat layer and the resulting hole is then repaired either using sutures or a small skin graft. Scars can also be repaired using subcisions which involve lifting the scar tissue away from unscarred skin. This technique can be effective but at the moment results using this technique have been somewhat mixed.

Drug Treatment. Keloid scars do not respond well to any of the treatments described so far and indeed they will usually stimulate the formation of more keloids and make matters worse. In this case therefore it is common to either apply a topical retinoid cream or to inject steroid-type drugs directly into the skin around the site of the scar. Unfortunately, keloid scars are difficult to treat and results vary widely from one individual to the next.

Perhaps the most important advice which anybody can be given when it comes to treating acne scars is that you should start by getting a proper diagnosis from a professional dermatologist. Your dermatologist will not only be able to advise you about the treatments available for your particular type of scarring, but will also be able to advise you about both the benefits and risks of each type of treatment.

Varicose vein treatment and surgery

Varicose veins are swollen, twisted and unsightly veins (usually on the legs) that look lumpy and bluish through the skin. Varicose veins do not tend to get better without treatment, and usually get worse with time.

Surgical removal. The most effective treatment for many varicose veins is to have them surgically removed. A commonly performed technique, called ligation and stripping, involves tying off and removing the main vein affected in the leg. Ultrasound guided foam sclerotherapy. Ultrasound guided foam sclerotherapy is a new non-surgical option for treating varicose veins. The aim is to inject and destroy the main surface vein which is feeding the varicose vein.

Usually only one leg is treated per appointment and more than one treatment may be required. Endovenous Laser Treatment is another non-surgical option for treating varicose veins. It involves passing a probe into a vein to heat it up and seal it from within.

Treatment for scars

Scars are usually the result of injuries. These are areas of fibrous tissue that usually replace the normal skin right after an injury. This is part of the healing process of the skin and part of the skin's action to repair itself. Every wound right after an accident with the exception of minor lesions will usually contribute scarring on the skin. The worse the damage on the skin, then the scar will be worse as well.

The scar on a person may form differently based on the location of the injury and the age of the person as well. Most of the time, the scar that can be seen on the skin will be flat and pale and will usually leave a trace to the original injury that caused them. Most of the time redness on the area will follow. This redness is not a scar and this isn't permanent. This will go away after some time. If there is a cut in the skin of the person, then the body of the person will react by laying new collagen fibers. This is what is referred to as the fortuna scar, a situation where in the body of the person can no longer rebuild the tissue exactly as it was. There are two more types of scars and these cars are due to the over production of collagen in the body.

The hypertrophic scar is usually seen as a raised lump of skin but doesn't usually grow too large. This scar will usually improve in appearance after some time. The keloid scar on the other hand is the more serious between the two scars. This type of scar can grow into large and tumurous growth. These two types of scars are usually common on the younger and darker-skinned people. These two scars are caused by surgery, accidents and can be caused by acne as well. Scars that can be seen on the skin of a person may take the form of a stretched skin. These scars are known as striae.

Once a scar presents itself on the skin of a person, then this scar can no longer be removed. And though there may be some treatments out there, traces will always be there. Some of the more popular treatment methods that are used now are the corticosteroid therapy, pressure garment therapy and silicone gel sheets that was introduced in 1980s. The uses of topical treatments are popular approaches in addressing scars. The silicone gel and the silicone gel sheets are often applied to the affected area of the skin.

These two are easier to use and offer lesser risks of side effects to the user if compared to surgical excision, injections, and pressure therapy and cryotherapy treatments. Pressure garments on the other hand are used with the supervision of a professional. Steroid injections can be taken as well and this can help flatten and soften the appearance of the keloid and the hypertrophic scars. Other popular treatments used now are dermabrasion, collagen injections, laser surgery and resurfacing, surgery, radiotherapy and the use of natural remedies.

Treatment of acne scarring

Despite the advent of isotretinoin more than 20 years ago, many patients still present with acne scarring. Because of recent technologic advances and the development of creative techniques by today's cosmetic surgeons, there has never been more hope or options for these patients. This article is designed to inform primary care clinicians about the advances that have been made in the treatment of acne scarring, so that they can better advice patients and provide appropriate referrals. It will begin by reviewing the types of acne scarring patients may have and highlighting important considerations, such as the patient's skin type.

The article will then summarize the different procedures that can be offered to patients: dermabrasion; microdermabrasion; laser resurfacing; chemical peeling; subcision; soft tissue augmentation; suture-assisted resurfacing; and punch elevation, punch excision, and punch grafting. These techniques require advanced dermatologic surgical skill and full knowledge of their risks and benefits, of which types of acne scars respond best to which modality, and of how different skin types may respond.

Acne is the most common cause of facial scar in the world.1 Patients with acne scars are often frustrated by their attempts to mask their appearance. Makeup may collect around the rim of widened "saucerlike" indentations and actually make the scars more noticeable. The technique of scar correction will be dictated by the type(s) of scarring present and the patient profile.

The number of scars is also important. For example, a few atrophic scars may be treated with a local injectable filler substance, whereas a large area of scarring may require a more invasive resurfacing procedure. Additional considerations include the patient's budget, expectations, and Fitzpatrick skin type. Patients with Fitzpatrick skin types IV, V, and VI (typically, Asians, Hispanics, and blacks, respectively) may not be good candidates for certain resurfacing procedures, given the risk of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation.

It cannot be overstated that the patient and clinician must have realistic expectations when considering scar correction techniques. Because of acne scarring, a patient may have been suffering for many years and may often feel tormented, self-conscious, or depressed, or may even be more seriously disturbed. These powerful emotions can result in low self-esteem and unrealistic hopes for the procedure. Any corrective procedure helps acne scarring, but it does not give the patient perfectly smooth skin.

Scar removal techniques

There are several types of scars, and the most common of which are keloids, hypertrophic scars, contractures, and facial scars. Keloid scars are tissues that grow or rise beyond the wound or incision. These itchy tissues develop after wound healing takes place, when the body produces collagen.

Hypertrophic scars are like keloids that also take in a raised appearance. Sometimes, differentiating one from the other is difficult. The untrained eye may refer to hypertrophic scars as keloids. A thing to remember is that hypertrophic scars do not go beyond the boundary of the wound; instead, they limit themselves on the wound area only.

Meanwhile, contractures are scars that usually develop when there is loss of a large area of the skin, as what happens in burns, and facial scars are scars that develop on the face. The sad thing is, scars are permanent. Certain surgical and non-surgical procedures, as well as natural remedies, may lessen the severity of the scar, but at present, there is no technological method that is so advanced to enable the complete removal of scars.

Ideally, a scar should be treated as soon as it develops as it increases its chance of responding well to the treatment of choice. There are a variety of treatment options for the different types of scars. For example, keloids and hypertrophic scars respond well to steroid injections. If you are having contractures, though, you will need a procedure called Z-plasty or skin grafting. In Z-plasty, the scar is relocated to the area where it can blend well with the color of the skin. In skin grafting, skin from the injured part of the body is removed to cover the area. You can also go for laser surgery and resurfacing, however, its effectiveness has not yet been established.

If you'd rather opt for something that is non-invasive, there are some natural remedies to flatten the scar, lighten it or disguise it so it becomes less noticeable. For instance, mix sandalwood paste with black gray paste and rub it on your affected area, or use ice cubs to rub your skin with. Also, mixing cucumber with lemon juice, as well as the vitamins C and E, fish oil, aloe vera gel, cod liver oil and coco butter are great alternatives to the surgical scar removal procedures.

Scars Home Remedies with Vitamin E in any form is and ideal solution for any skin related complexities. Whether it is as vitamin E capsules or plain and simple vitamin E oil, it is very effective in the treatment of scars on the skin. Smear a bit of vitamin E oil on the affected area everyday and get astonished by the results within a few days. Having a vitamin E capsule too would help in faster marginalisation of the scar.

Natural Treatments for Scars with Tea Leaves are also very effective in the treatment of scars. The alkaloids present in the tea leaves help heal the scars faster. Soak a handful of tea leaves and then wrap them in a bag and keep the same pressed over the affected area for sometime regularly. It is advisable to try these natural home remedies first before going for invasive procedures. They are less risky because natural methods are being employed, and they are definitely less expensive, too.

Scar removal treatment

The scar treatments have continued to rattle the medicals fraternity for a long time in history. Most prominent of the all the diseases have been the biological scar treatment till date. This treatment uses amino acid ingredients which are released into the body. This procedure works as the basis of growth of new cells. In the healing process of biological acne treatments an enzyme initiates a metabolic effect as well as a signal action. This will activate the procedure of repairing of the skin. The procedure remains extremely helpful in remodeling of the skin, as well.

The surveys show that the wide range of solutions that AMG offers are greater in number than that of biological treatment. As the detailed procedures say that the biological treatment allows the health metabolism work with enormously complicated system. This procedure include various sequences of restricted biochemical revision procedure.

The pain after surgeon

The amount of pain experienced varies from person to person, and depends on the method used. In general, more extensive procedures can give better correction of scars, but at the cost of greater operating time, more risk, longer swelling, slower recovery, and greater cost. You should discuss your goals, budget, and pain tolerance with your surgeon in order to help him/her determine the procedure, or combination of procedures, that will produce the best results for you.

Dermabrasion Although there is some bleeding during this procedure, there is not a much pain during the procedure itself, which is usually performed under local anesthesia that is injected or sprayed on to skin.

Vascular laser treatments may be slightly uncomfortable. As mentioned earlier, the sensation associated with the treatment is that of a rubber band snapping on the skin. A cold compress, such as frozen Aloe Vera gel, may be applied during the procedure.

Laser skin resurfacing – Most likely, you’ll be awake during the procedure, and feel minimal discomfort. Most doctors use a local anesthesia or a local anesthesia with a sedative. This is similar to the anesthesia used by dentists.

Silicone gel sheets involve little or no discomfort.

Skin grafts, punch grafts and flap surgeries are performed under general anesthesia.

Steroid applications and injections and collagen injections – You will feel the pin prick of the needle and possibly pressure when the fluid enters the skin.

Tissue Expansion may be slightly uncomfortable. The surgery is often done under local anesthesia.

Z-plasty and related techniques are done under a local anesthetic.

Dermatology option

Historically, dermatologic surgeons have been the pioneers and leaders in the field of cosmetic and medically necessary skin surgery. In fact, the science of many of the cosmetic surgery procedures and skin cancer treatments performed today were either originated or enhanced by dermatologic surgeons.

For example, these skin surgery experts invented laser surgery for birthmarks, liposuction using local anesthesia, hair transplantation, the use of many filler substances, most chemical peeling treatments, botulinum toxin type A therapy, laser hair removal, laser resurfacing for wrinkles, many leg vein treatments, microdermabrasion and more.

New techniques scar improved

While most skin cancer patients would like nothing more than to put their experience behind them, the majority carry constant reminders of their battle with cancer in the form of surgical scars. In some cases, skin cancer surgical scars can cause serious disfigurement, particularly on facial areas that are hard to hide or camouflage. Now, thanks to pioneering research, dermatologists can offer patients more effective facial reconstruction options to reduce the appearance of scars following skin cancer surgery.

Dermatologists are improving patient satisfaction by using the newest innovations and techniques to minimize surgical scars from facial skin cancers. For years, dermatologists have used a number of tried-and-true healing options for wounds resulting from skin cancer surgery - from effectively allowing Mother Nature to heal wounds without medical or surgical intervention to various closure techniques, surgical flaps and skin grafts. While these methods have proven quite effective in minimizing surgical scars, dermatologists are drawing on their expertise in how the skin heals to expand the current treatment options and further enhance results.

Dermatologic surgeon threads a running "baseball stitch" through the wound - or a continuous stitch that weaves in and out similar to the stitching on a baseball - causing the barbs to catch onto the connective tissue of the wound. In essence, the barbs on the stitches anchor themselves to the deep tissue of the wound and gradually close the wound together without tying knots. The barbed stitch technique was recently introduced and, in my experience, the technique has proven successful in closing complicated wounds very quickly and efficiently. Since the patient's operation time is greatly reduced because multiple stitch knots are avoided, their risk of surgical complications is theoretically less - as longer surgeries are associated with greater risk of infection and other complications.

Since the barbed stitch is thick, it works best for large wounds in areas of thicker skin and with high resistance that are hard to stretch - such as the rigid scalp area. This procedure is not recommended in areas where the skin is thin, for instance on the nose or eyelids. He added that patients with thick skin on their cheeks may also be good candidates for the technique.

All surgeries will leave scars and a "scar less" surgery is unrealistic. One approach that comes close is immediate sanding (dermabrasion) of the incision line. In this method, which was developed by dermatologists, a wound is closed with deep stitches first to bring the skin edges together. Sanding is then performed with either a mechanical abrasive device or a laser (intense beam of light energy) to remove the epidermis (the skin's outer layer) all along the entire incision line. This sanding is done at the time of surgery rather than several months afterwards, which is when traditional dermabrasion is completed. Once the epidermis is sanded down, the dermatologist places the top stitches and seals the wound.

Over the course of about seven to 10 days, the cells in the area where the skin was sanded down or stripped migrate over the upper stitch line and effectively hide that line. The migrating cells effectively seal the scar and blend it in with the surrounding skin. Both of dermabrasion and lasers can be used immediately after surgery on almost any area of the face except the eyelids or lips. The best candidates for these procedures are fair-skinned patients and those without an abundance of oil glands along the stitch line itself.

In general, the smoother the skin and the fairer the patient, the better dermabrasion or lasers work together with traditional closure techniques to minimize a scar's visibility. In many cases, adding these methods into the mix can result in an almost scar-less outcome. In fact, these technologies can hide the stitches so well that even under magnification you cannot detect them.

While traditional skin grafts in which a person's own skin is removed from another part of the body and is then stitched over the wound are commonly used in skin cancer reconstruction surgery, a newer application of this technique involves using a skin substitute instead of a person's own skin to close the wound. The skin substitutes currently being used contain an animal protein matrix that the body integrates into the scar.

Skin substitutes are a good option for patients who don't have a lot of healthy skin to use for a graft, such as those with widespread sun damage. Another benefit is that skin substitutes eliminate the need for a second surgery site, and for very deep wounds skin substitutes can be used underneath the skin to plump and shape depressed areas. In the future of facial reconstruction looks bright, with more promising research on the horizon to minimize scarring following skin cancer surgery. Two frontiers in wound reconstruction will involve determining how to modify bad or abnormal scars that sometimes heal poorly and developing products - such as creams or injectables - that promote wound healing based on a greater understanding of how healing occurs at a cellular or biological level.

Keloids and hypertrophic scars

Keloids are raised, reddish nodules that develop at the site of an injury. After a wound has occurred to the skin both skin cells and connective tissue cells (fibroblasts) begin multiplying to repair the damage. A scar is made up of 'connective tissue', gristle-like fibers deposited in the skin by the fibroblasts to hold the wound closed. With keloids, the fibroblasts continue to multiply even after the wound is filled in. Thus keloids project above the surface of the skin and form large mounds of scar tissue.

Keloids may form on any part of the body, although the upper chest, shoulders and upper back are especially prone to keloid formation. Symptoms include pigmentation of the skin, itchiness, redness, unusual sensations and pain. It is estimated that keloids occur in about 10% of people. While most people never form keloids, others develop them after minor injuries, even insect bites or pimples. Darkly pigmented people seem to be more prone to forming keloids. Men and women are equally affected.

A hypertrophic scar looks similar to a keloid. Hypertrophic scars are more common. They don't get a big as keloids, and may fade with time. They occur in all racial groups. Keloids are considered a benign tumor, but they are mainly a cosmetic nuisance and never become malignant. Operating on a keloid usually stimulates more scar tissue to form, so people with keloids may have been told that there is nothing that can be done to get rid of them. Keloids may be often be prevented by using a pressure dressing, silicone gel pad or paper tape over the injury site. These are left on for 23 of 24 hours each day. This treatment is after healing of the wound or injury, usually within a month. Once they have formed, there is no completely satisfactory treatment for keloids. Treatments include cryosurgery (freezing), excision, laser, x-rays, and steroid injections.

The best initial treatment is to inject long-acting cortisone (steroid) into the keloid once a month. After several injections with cortisone, the keloid usually becomes less noticeable and flattens in three to six month's time. Hypertrophic scars often respond completely, but keloids and are notoriously difficult to treat, with recurrences commonly seen. People who have a family history of keloids have a higher rate of recurrence after treatment. Cryosurgery is an excellent treatment for keloids that are small and occur on lightly pigmented skin. It is often combined with monthly cortisone injections. Earlobe keloids are often surgically excised and followed with several steroid injections. In addition, a drug called alpha-interferon has been injected into the scar immediately after keloid removal with very promising results. Laser treatment is very good at improving skin texture and color, but doesn't always flatten out the keloid.

For severe cases, the keloid can surgically excised and given x-ray treatments to the site immediately afterwards, usually the on the same day. This works in about 85% of the most severe cases. Electron beam radiation can be used, which will not go deep enough to affect internal organs. Orthovoltage radiation is more penetrating and slightly more effective. There have not been any reports of this causing any form of cancer in many years of use, but it is very expensive. Silicone pads and creams are sold over the counter for use on keloids. These do benefit hypertrophic scars but will not cure a true keloid. However, they can reduce pain, swelling and itching from a keloid. They usually take 3 months or more to work.

Expecting after surgery

Collagen Injections The result is immediate. Pitted scars look smooth and even. However, these results are not permanent. Periodic treatments are necessary to maintain results. Dermabrasion After the procedure, the treated area may be covered with an ointment, a wet or waxy covering, and/or a dry covering. The skin may feel as though it is severely sunburned. Moving facial muscles and eating may be uncomfortable. Oral pain medication may be taken to ease the discomfort. In some cases, antibiotics may be taken in order to prevent possible infections. The skin is usually swollen for around 24 to 48 hours after the procedure. During this time, a scab begins to form over the treated area.

Vascular Laser The treated area may show purple discoloration, which should fade in 5 to 10 days. Generally after this period the scar should be less red and raised. Laser Skin Resurfacing You may experience some swelling and discomfort. Cold packs are usually recommended to reduce the swelling. If a bandage was applied after the surgery, it will be removed after approximately one week, and an ointment will then be applied. Some surgeons use a moisture retaining tape to bandage the treated area. Because this bandage must remain dry, you will not be able to shower until the bandages are removed.

If the treated area is not bandaged, you will need to wash the area several times every day. After each washing, you will need to apply an ointment, such as petroleum jelly, to the treated area. You will need to use caution in caring for the treated area. Scabs may form and last for about 10 days. If you are experiencing discomfort, an over-the-counter oral pain medication can be taken. Punch Grafting – The new skin is taped into place for about seven days to permit healing.

Skin Grafts and Flap Surgeries You can expect to feel some discomfort after facial scar revision surgery. Some swelling, bruising and redness are generally unavoidable. Any sutures will be removed within days after the surgery but your skin needs more time to heal. In general, surgeons suggest limiting activities -- especially any activity that places undue stress on the area of the incision. Silicone Gel Sheets After 2 to 12 months scars should look flatter and smoother. The procedure may have to be repeated after several years since keloid scars have the tendency to return.

Steroid Applications and Injections You may experience mild soreness, as with any injection. The scar should reduce in redness and thickness. The procedure may have to be repeated after several years since keloid scars have the tendency to return. Tissue Expansion Expect some fairly mild swelling and possible bruising. Stitches are normally removed within a week of the procedure. Z-plasty and Related Techniques The treated area will be closed with fine stitches, which will be removed within a week of the procedure. As with most incisions, the area may swell or bruise slightly.

Scar revision performed

Collagen Injections are used to raise, or fill in, sunken scars. Collagen is a natural animal protein, usually produced from purified cow skin. Before using collagen, you should take an allergy test to ensure that you are not allergic to the substance. The results of collagen injections are immediate but not permanent. The scars will eventually have to be re-filled as the body slowly absorbs the collagen.

Dermabrasion smoothes out surface irregularities such as deep lines or scars by removing the topmost layers of the skin. The afflicted area will be sprayed with a numbing chemical spray and then carefully “sanded” with a rotating wire brush or a diamond wheel until the desired amount of skin is removed. Vascular Laser Vascular laser works by shrinking the blood vessels that feed the scar. This treatment is done without anesthetic. During the process, the sensation is much like that of a rubber band snapping on the skin.

Laser Skin Resurfacing There are two types of lasers used for reducing the uneven surface of scars: the CO2 Laser and the Erbium:Yag Laser. The CO2 laser is typically used for deeper scars, while the Erbium is used for superficial scars and deeper skin tones. Both lasers remove the topmost layers of skin, allowing new, smooth skin to form. There are some color lasers that can be effectively treat the abnormal red pigmentation of hypertrophic and keloid scars as well. Punch Grafting Deeper scars can be filled in with skin grafted from other places on the body. A tiny instrument is used to punch a hole in the skin, removing the scar. Then a piece of normal skin, usually taken from the back of the earlobe, is put in the scar’s place. The “plugs” are taped in place until they heal. The grafts do form scars of their own but they are less visible then the pitted scars they replace. This procedure is often done in conjunction with dermabrasion or laser skin resurfacing.

Silicone Gel Sheets Silicone gel sheets can help flatten hypertrophic and keloid scars. These clear sheets are placed on the scar and wrapped firmly with tape. Skin Grafts In this procedure, doctors take skin from a healthy part of the body and transplant it to the injured area. Grafts aren’t always cosmetically pleasing because the grafted skin may not match the surrounding skin’s color or texture. The area where the graft came from will also scar -- but skin grafts can greatly restore function to a severely scarred area. Steroid Applications and Injections Steroids can help flatten and reduce the redness of hypertrophic and keloid scars. Steroids are applied or injected into the scar to break down the skin’s collagen. This is especially effective on hypertrophic and keloid scars, both of which continue to form collagen after the wound has healed. These injections can also help reduce the itching and/or pain associated with these scars.

Tissue Expansion In this procedure, a small balloon is inserted under a patch of healthy skin near a scar. The balloon is filled with a saline solution to stretch the skin. When the skin has been adequately stretched, which can take several weeks or months, the balloon is removed. The scar is then surgically removed, and the balloon-stretched skin is pulled over the previously scarred area and carefully closed. Z-Plasty and Related Tissue-Rearrangement Techniques Z-Plasty is a technique used on hypertrophic and keloid scars that do not respond to steroid treatments. The scar is surgically removed by cutting the skin around the scar in small triangular flaps. These flaps usually follow a Z-shape (hence the name), but the technique your doctor chooses will depend on the shape of the scar. The flaps are repositioned to follow natural lines and creases of the skin. The new scar is thinner and less noticeable. Z-plasty can also help relieve the pressure of contracture scars.

Pathophysiology

The ideal scar is narrow and fills but does not eclipse the original volume of the wound bed. In fact, the wound often decreases in size upon healing due to contractile forces involved in scar formation. Occasionally, scar formation may be exuberant, as in the cases of hypertrophic scarring or keloid formation. Although discussed in detail in Keloid and Hypertrophic Scar, a brief mention of these unwelcome sequelae of wound healing is warranted.

Hypertrophic scars do not extend beyond the original boundaries of the wound laterally, but scar tissue may rise above the level of the surrounding skin. This commonly results in a very noticeable, irregularly contoured scar. A more extreme example of exuberant growth of scar tissue is the keloid. Keloid scars extend beyond the original borders of the wound, resulting in a raised and expanded scar relative to the original defect. These are often very noticeable, and they occur with increased frequency in persons with dark complexions. In both hypertrophic scars and keloids, components of the extracellular matrix are increased. Thus, while the number of fibroblasts present is normal, the cells present are apparently overactive in their wound healing response.

Keloid silicone gel scar

Encourages keloids to soften, flatten, symptoms disappear and make the pigmentation lighter. Ideal for hypertrophic scars and keloids without any side effects. Compliments the Ointments and Pastes available on this site, especially when used on younger keloids. Will lasts for a month, and so is affordable for long term use. Can be cut to size to economize.

During scar management, the Silicone Gel Scar Sheet Bandage is thought to stimulate repair of the dysfunctional top layer of skin covering hypertrophic and keloid scars, as well as decreasing the over-adhesive content found in their matrix. The way the Silicone Gel Scar Sheet Bandages balance the complex cellular physiology to promote the proper healing of the problem scar may be indirect and mysterious, but the evidence of its effectiveness and results are clear.

The Silicone Gel Scar Sheet Bandage is a silicon gel membrane, which is made from new type medical high polymer materials. It is a kind of thin, soft and transparent sheet, the adhesive side is applied to the scar, the other side is a silicone side without adhesion; it is unnecessary to use anything else to affix it. It acts on scars through the obvious oxygen tension, pressure and hydrolysis with its characteristics being: easy to use, clean, comfortable and offers excellent moisture penetrability, air permeability, pressure sensitivity and acts as a protective screen from bacteria.

With this in mind, an effective scar management program should be based on the modalities of wound support, hydration, and hastened maturity, all factors gleaned from scientific evidence published over the past 25 years. Tension on a scar in one axis will result in a stretched scar, probably initiated by neutrophils and their neutral proteases. Tension on a scar from many directions or intermittently will result in a hypertrophic scar, possibly initiated by lymphocytes but definitely related to a prolongation of the inflammatory process, with increased fibroblast activity and overabundant extra-cellular matrix secretion.

The common initiating factor is the tension on the scar, and the critical element needed to counteract this tension is scar support. Clinical experience has shown us that the most reliable way to support a scar is by using microporous tape or silicone tape at the early stages of formation. Hydration is a second beneficial influence on scar control and is the basis of the use of silicone sheeting and gel. The Silicone Gel Scar Sheet Bandage makes available a revolutionary method to reduce unwanted scars resulting from injury, surgery, burns, and so on, including severe forms that are hypertrophic or keloid. It also may be used on stretch marks after pregnancy.

Keloid and hypertrophic scars have many of the same symptoms as fresh wounds in the early stages of the healing process. Among the similarities between problem scarring and newly formed wounds are redness, swelling, pain, itching, high levels of water evaporation and the over production of collagen. In many ways keloid and hypertrophic scars are like wounds that never fully heal. Clinical studies show the best way to address problem scars is a preventative approach before they have a chance to fully develop. We have concluded from many studies that daily treatments with the sheets can begin as soon as an itchy red streak develops in a maturing wound. For those with a personal or family history of problem scarring, daily treatments with the sheets should be started one week after sutures are removed and wound is closed and dry.

The Silicone Gel Scar Sheet Bandage is a pliable silicone pad which creates an electrostatic ionic bonding when applied to scar tissue to actually rebuild skin cells from the inside out. Users will notice an improvement in the scars appearance within a few weeks. Silicon sheets also reduce burning and itching associated with healing and scar tissue. The Silicone Gel Scar Sheet Bandage is designed with convenience and safety in mind. When stored properly, the reusable silicone pad will last for about 4-6 weeks. The Silicone Gel Scar Sheet Bandage can be used by adults and children with any kind of skin texture or colour. Even those with sensitive skin can enjoy the benefits of this safe, non-invasive and easy-to-use treatment.